![]() ![]() ![]() Horseshoe bats are considered a reservoir host. SARS-CoV was introduced into the human population through carnivores (presumably civet or raccoon dog). Due to high transmissivity, SARS-CoV rapidly spread, and one year later it had caused 8000 confirmed cases of infection in 29 countries (including European and North American countries) with 9.6–10% fatality. The earlier outbreak of SARS (also termed “atypical pneumonia”) was caused by the SARS-CoV coronavirus first emergent in 2002 in China. The intermediate hosts for SARS-CoV-2 are not precisely understood yet. Which animal was the source of SARS-CoV-2 is not known, despite multiple reports of SARS-CoV-2 related viruses in various species of Rhinolophus bats (Asia). The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic with more than 500 million confirmed cases, including more than six million deaths according to the WHO as of November 2022, is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which is most likely zoonotic. Each of these diseases affects the human respiratory system, causing a spectrum from asymptomatic or mild respiratory illness to severe pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, or death. As this novel bat-CoV is likely capable of infecting hedgehogs, we suggest hedgehogs can act as intermediate hosts between bats and humans for other bat-CoVs.Ĭoronaviruses (CoVs) have been responsible for three high impact outbreaks in the past two decades, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hedgehogs are widely kept as pets and are commonly found in areas of human habitation. Molecular docking analysis of MOW-BatCoV/15-22 spike glycoprotein binding to DPP4 receptors of different mammals predicted the highest binding ability with DPP4 of the Myotis brandtii bat (docking score −320.15) and the E. We suppose MOW-BatCoV could have arisen as a result of recombination between ancestral viruses of bats and hedgehogs. Unexpectedly, the phylogenetic analysis of the novel MOW-BatCoV/15-22 spike gene showed the closest similarity to CoVs from Erinaceus europaeus (European hedgehog). Whole genome phylogenetic analysis suggests that MOW-BatCoV/15-22 falls into a distinct subclade closely related to human and camel MERS-CoV. We sequenced and assembled the complete genome of this betacoronavirus and named it MOW-BatCoV strain 15-22. nathusii (the Nathusius’ pipistrelle), 3 of 6 samples were carriers of a novel MERS-related betacoronavirus. We studied fecal viromes of twenty-six bats captured in 2015 in the Moscow Region and found 13 of 26 (50%) samples to be coronavirus positive. Being diverse and widely distributed globally, bats are a known reservoir of a series of emerging zoonotic viruses. ![]()
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